PDF钢琴谱下载 | 早期的意大利钢琴音乐.为大键琴和古钢琴谱写的乐曲集原版电子书

英文名称：Early Italian Piano Music. A Collection of Pieces written for the Harpsichord and Clavichord
中文名称：早期的意大利钢琴音乐.为大键琴和古钢琴谱写的乐曲集

THE HARPSICHORD
Contemporary with the clavichord，though probably of later invention,was the harpsichord, an insfrw-ment evorved, in common with the spinet and virginal, from he ancient psaltery. Iis eompass, in earlierinstr uments very restriaed,vias gradually extended to frve ollaves.The wing shape ( "Flige"") of themodern grand piano was charateristic of the true harpsichord--a model taken from the tr apeze-shapedpsaltery.The virginal and spinet, though operated by the sane mechaxical deoice, were of oblong shape likethe differently construted clavichord.
The harpsichord was not only larger than the clavichord, but was capable of producing a powvcrful,brilliant tone, and was very generally used for public performance. The strings, instead of being struckby a tangenl, were plucked wvith points of quill or hard leather which stood out from the side of wwoodenuprighs, knon as jacks, fastened to the farther end of the keys.As the heys were pressed down the jacksassed upeward, causing the quills to pluck the strings aberve, which vibrated like those of a mandolin.The tone of the harpsichord was hard and metallic, and enirely incapable of reproducing the nuances offorte and piano, or respending to differences of touch.To offset this defea a suggestion was borrowvedfromthe organ.Stops were added, which, as they were drawn out or pushed in, made it possible to use eitherone, rwo or three strings, thus producing three degrees from piano to forte.A damper of leather or clothut upon the strings by the same means produced an imitation of the lute.Or, by providing trvo ktyboardsplaced one above the other , these appliances were combined, and by shifting the hands the player could se-cure dynamic contrasts.

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